Article 166 of Constitution of India – Conduct of Business of the Government of a State
Article 166 of Constitution of India deals with Conduct of Business of the Government of a State
Original Text of Article 166 of Constitution of India
(1) All executive action of the Government of a State shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the Governor.
(2) Orders and other instruments made and executed in the name of the Governor shall be authenticated in such manner as may be specified in rules to be made by the Governor, and the validity of an order or instrument which is so authenticated shall not be called in question on the ground that it is not an order or instrument made or executed by the Governor.
(3) The Governor shall make rules for the more convenient transaction of the business of the Government of the State, and for the allocation among Ministers of the said business in so far as it is not business with respect to which the Governor is by or under this Constitution required to act in his discretion.
Questions related to Article 166 of Constitution of India
Article 166 deals with how the business of the State Government is conducted, including how executive actions are authenticated and carried out under the authority of the Governor, as per the Constitution of India.
All executive actions of a State are taken in the name of the Governor and must be authenticated in the manner specified by rules made by the Governor under this article of the Indian Constitution.
No, although actions are taken in the name of the Governor, it is a constitutional formality. The real decisions are made by the Council of Ministers, as clarified in various Indian Kanoon cases.
Failure to follow the prescribed rules of business may lead to the invalidity of administrative actions, especially if challenged in court—as discussed in important rulings on Indian Kanoon.
Yes, under Article 166(3), the Governor has the power to make rules for the allocation and transaction of State Government business, subject to the Articles of Indian Constitution.
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