Q1) Federal governance is characterised by institutionalized arrangements for solving problems generated by pluralism based on consultation and mutual consent. How have Zonal Councils evolved from merely advisory bodies to proactive platforms for action? (250 words, 15 marks) ANSWER Federal governance is characterized by institutionalized arrangements that address the challenges posed by pluralism through consultation…
Q1) In what ways does poverty intersect with other social problems like caste, social stratification, and gender inequality? What comprehensive strategies do you suggest to address these interrelated issues? (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER Poverty, as per the World Bank, is a multidimensional deprivation of well-being. In India, about 21.9% lived below the poverty line…
Q1) Give a comparative analysis of the tribal and mainstream societies. Is tribal society more progressive than mainstream society? Argue with examples. (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER India, home to the world’s second-largest tribal population, showcases vibrant tribal societies distinct from mainstream society in culture, economy, and social structures. Comparison of Tribal with Mainstream Society…
Q1) In what ways do social media platforms perpetuate and challenge social inequalities and power structures? Provide a critical analysis. (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER Social media platforms have revolutionized communication, becoming powerful tools for social interaction, activism, and cultural exchange. However, while they offer new opportunities to challenge power structures, they can also reinforce…
Q1) What is the Blue Revolution? What are the significant hurdles in aquaculture development, and what comprehensive strategies can be implemented to address them? (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER The Blue Revolution refers to the rapid growth and scientific management of the fisheries and aquaculture sector, launched during India’s 7th Five-Year Plan (1985–1990). Known as…
Q1) What are the primary drivers of freshwater scarcity in megacities like Bangalore and Hyderabad? Suggest comprehensive solutions that address both supply and demand aspects of urban water management. (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER India, home to 18% of the global population but with only 4% of its freshwater resources, faces a looming water crisis,…
Q1) What are the factors that lead to the formation of local winds? Discuss their impact on the weather and climate in various regions, providing relevant examples. (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER Local winds are region-specific wind systems caused by localized variations in temperature, pressure, and topography. Though usually limited in scope, some can have…
Q1) How did the British policies contribute to the de-industrialization of India, and how did this process affect the lives of Indian artisans and the broader economy? (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER The British colonial period witnessed the systematic dismantling of India’s indigenous industries, transforming a once-thriving artisanal economy into a dependent colonial appendage. Through…
Q1) “The dual struggle against entrenched social customs and colonial dominance was a prominent feature of socio-religious reform movements in 19th century India.” How did the socio-religious reform movements of 19th century India respond to colonial cultural and ideological hegemony? (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER The 19th-century socio-religious reform movements in India were a product…
Q1) What is the significance of Stupa art in the context of Buddhist architecture and culture? Discuss its various elements and symbolism and their role in conveying Buddhist beliefs. (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER A stupa is a dome-shaped structure that enshrines sacred relics and symbolizes the Buddha’s teachings, presence, and the path to enlightenment….