India is witnessing a demographic transition marked by a growing population of elderly citizens, alongside a large section of people living with disabilities. These vulnerable groups face multiple challenges—social exclusion, financial insecurity, limited access to healthcare, and infrastructural barriers—which demand targeted welfare measures. Despite constitutional guarantees and policy frameworks, their integration into mainstream development remains…
Children are the foundation of a nation’s future, and ensuring their rights is central to inclusive governance and sustainable development. Child rights encompass survival, protection, development, and participation, which are essential for their holistic growth and well-being. In India, despite progress in education, nutrition, and legal safeguards, children continue to face multiple vulnerabilities—ranging from poverty…
In India’s deeply stratified society, Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and Other Backward Classes (OBC) have historically faced systemic discrimination, social exclusion, and economic deprivation. Recognizing this structural inequality, the Constitution and various laws provide targeted safeguards to promote their empowerment, dignity, and inclusion. These protections are legal, institutional, and policy-based—ensuring both affirmative action…
India adopts the model of a welfare state, as reflected in the Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution. A welfare state aims to ensure social justice, reduce inequalities, and guarantee a dignified life for all, especially the marginalized. It actively intervenes in areas like health, education, employment, and social security to promote inclusive…