3 June 2025 : Daily Current Affairs

1. In Bihar’s caste census, a way forward

Source: Page 6, The Hindu, 3 June 2025

Topic: GS Paper 2: Governance, Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections

Context

Bihar’s caste census has sparked nationwide interest and debate. It offers a roadmap for data-driven social justice and evidence-based policy-making

Content:

Background:

• The caste census conducted in Bihar is the first such exercise after Independence.

• Reveals backward castes form nearly two-thirds of the population.

Significance:

• Enables targeted welfare measures.

• Data aids in evaluating effectiveness of affirmative action.

• May influence national debates on reservation and resource allocation.

Political & Constitutional Dimensions:

• Questions about its legality were raised but settled in favour of state power under Entry 45 of State List (Conduct of population surveys).

• Reinforces Directive Principles aimed at uplifting socially and educationally backward classes.

Way Forward:

• Replication of similar surveys by other states.

• Centre should consider integrating caste data into national census under legal safeguards.

• Data must be used for inclusive development, not divisive politics.

Practice Question:

“Caste-based surveys like the one conducted by Bihar have the potential to improve policy targeting but also raise political and ethical questions.”  (250 words / 15 marks)

2. Moving towards robust heat governance

Source: Page 6, The Hindu, 2 June 2025

Topic: GS Paper 3 (Economy: Growth and Development)

Context

With multiple heatwave-related deaths reported in 2025, India’s response to extreme heat needs to move from reactive to preventive, with a legal framework in place.

Content:

Heatwave Impact:

• Heatwaves now qualify as recurring climate disasters.

• Vulnerable groups: labourers, elderly, children.

Governance Gaps:

• No statutory mandate to implement Heat Action Plans.

• Disaster Management Act does not explicitly cover heatwaves.

• Poor inter-departmental coordination.

Best Practices:

• Ahmedabad’s Heat Action Plan model focuses on early warning, public awareness, and medical preparedness.

Way Forward:

• Recognize heatwaves under the National Disaster Management Policy.

• Legal backing to enforce urban planning norms (e.g., heat-resilient housing).

• Strengthen data collection and forecasting systems.

Practice Question:

Discuss the legal and administrative gaps in India’s current response to heatwaves. Suggest a framework for effective heat governance (250 words / 15 marks)

3. Balancing fiscal prudence with welfare goals

Source: Page 10, Indian Express Editorial

Topic: GS Paper 3: Indian Economy, Budgeting

Context

As India aims for fiscal consolidation, debates arise over balancing capital investment with welfare spending ahead of Budget 2025-26.

Content:

Current Fiscal Outlook:

• Fiscal deficit projected at 5.1% of GDP in FY26.

• Emphasis on capex-led growth over populist welfare schemes.

Challenges:

• Rising pressure for rural jobs, health, and food subsidy allocations.

• Global economic slowdown may affect revenue projections.

Debate:

• Too much focus on capital expenditure may neglect basic needs of marginalized.

• However, infrastructure investments can have long-term productivity gains.

Way Forward:

• Maintain fiscal discipline without compromising on targeted welfare.

• Enhance tax compliance to widen revenue base.

• Rationalize subsidies and improve outcome-based spending.

Practice Question:

“The path to fiscal consolidation should not come at the cost of equity.” Examine this statement in light of India’s current economic policy priorities.” (150 words / 10 marks)

Prelims Facts

1. India Signs Mutual Recognition Agreement with EU on Marine Equipment

Source: Page 4, The Hindu 

Topic: GS Paper 1 (Women Empowerment), GS Paper 2 (Government Policy & Governance)

Context

India and the European Union signed a Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) related to marine equipment standards.

Analysis of the news:

• • First such agreement signed by India in the maritime sector.

  • Ensures acceptance of Indian marine equipment certified under international norms in the EU market.

  • Benefits Indian shipbuilders by improving access to global markets.

  • Part of the larger India-EU strategic trade and technology partnership.

2. Tamil Nadu’s Sengol Museum Project Gains Momentum

Source: Page 7, Indian Express (3 June 2025)

Topic: GS1 – Culture & Heritage

Context

Tamil Nadu government initiated the construction of a dedicated museum to house the historic Sengol, gifted to the nation in 1947.

Analysis of the news:

• Sengol was a traditional Chola-era sceptre symbolizing justice and authority.

• It was handed over to Pandit Nehru at the time of Indian independence.

• The move is aimed at reviving cultural symbolism and highlighting Tamil heritage.

• Expected to boost cultural tourism and historical awareness.

Check more: 02 June 2025 : Daily Current Affairs