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India and New Zealand Sign Defence Pact, Agree to Boost Trade and Maritime Security

(Source – Indian Express, Section – Cover Page, Page – 01) Topic: GS2 – International Relations Context India and New Zealand signed a defence cooperation pact to strengthen security ties, enhance maritime safety, and initiate negotiations for a free trade agreement. Analysis of the news: 1. Defence and Security Partnership India and New Zealand signed…

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Farm fire in China-US trade

(Source – Indian Express, Section –Explained, Page – 09) Topic: GS3 – Economy Context The U.S.-China trade war has intensified, with President Trump imposing high tariffs on Chinese imports, while granting exemptions to certain Canadian and Mexican goods under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). In retaliation, China has targeted U.S. agricultural exports with additional tariffs….

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Air pollution will lower India’s solar generation capacity: study

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 7) Topic: GS3 – Environment – Environmental pollution and degradation Context A study found that air pollution and climate change will reduce solar panel efficiency in India, impacting the country’s renewable energy goals. India’s Solar Energy Goals India is the fifth-largest producer of solar energy…

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Aditya-L1 mission: scientists observe a flareless coronal mass ejection

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 5) Topic: GS3 – Science and Technology Context On July 5, 2024, scientists observed a flareless coronal mass ejection (CME) using Aditya-L1’s VELC, improving understanding of solar magnetic instabilities. Observation of a Flareless CME This observation provides crucial insights into magnetic instabilities that cause both…

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India and Mauritius have decided to elevate ties to enhanced strategic partnership: PM Modi

(Source – Indian Express, Section – Front Page, Page – 1) Topic: GS2 – International Relations Context The India and Mauritius have decided to elevate their bilateral ties to an “Enhanced Strategic Partnership” to strengthen cooperation in trade, infrastructure, defense, and emerging technologies. This move aligns with India’s strategic outreach in the Indian Ocean region…

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Global coordination can trump efforts to undercut climate predictions

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 7) Topic: GS2 – International Relations, GS3 – Environment Context In the second term of the President of the United States, several hundred employees of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) were fired. This decision raised concerns among the climate community as NOAA…

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Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025 Introduced in Lok Sabha Amid Opposition Concerns Over Privacy and Rights

(Source – Indian Express, Section – In Parliament, Page – 08) Topic: GS2 – Polity Context The Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025, was introduced in the Lok Sabha to streamline immigration and foreigners’ regulations, despite opposition concerns over constitutional violations and lack of appeal mechanisms. The bill aims to consolidate and simplify existing laws while…

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Proposed Income Tax Bill, 2025 Raises Privacy Concerns Over Digital Search and Seizure Powers

(Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained, Page – 13) Topic: GS2 – Polity Context The proposed Income Tax Bill, 2025, has sparked concerns over privacy as it empowers tax authorities to override digital access controls like passwords on phones, emails, and social media platforms during search and seizure operations. This marks a significant shift…

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New, greener electrochemical process turns urine into plant fuel

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 7) Topic: GS3 – Science and Technology Context Scientists have discovered a new method to extract urea from urine, enabling wastewater treatment and sustainable fertilizer production through percarbamide formation. A New Method to Extract Urea from Urine A new electrochemical process can extract urea from…