29 July 2025: The Hindu Editorial

1. Maharashtra Special Public Security Bill: Controversy and Implications

Source – Page 8, The Hindu

Topic:  GS2 – Polity & Governance (Security, Fundamental Rights), GS3 – Internal Security

Context

The Maharashtra Assembly passed a new security legislation aimed at curbing ‘urban Naxalism’, but the Bill is being criticized as ambiguous, open to misuse, and a potential threat to democratic freedoms.

Background:

• • Fifth state to enact a public security act targeting Naxalite organisations and their urban support.

  • Claims about the state becoming a hub for “urban Naxal” networks.

Key Provisions:

• • Empowers state to declare organisations “illegal” and suppress facts in “public interest”.

  • Excludes lower court jurisdiction, provides extended ban duration, and full protection for state officials “in good faith.”

  • Section 2(f) criminalizes speech, gestures, signs that “tend to interfere with public order or cause concern.”

Objections/Critique:

• • Vague definitions could criminalize dissent, peaceful protest, journalism, and civil society activity.

  • Fear of arbitrary state action without due process or judicial remedy.

  • Previous laws (UAPA) already address many concerns; the need for a new act is questioned.

Analysis:

• • Risks undermining fundamental rights—freedom of speech, peaceful assembly, association.

  • Reflects larger national debate: security vs. liberty.

Way Forward:

• • Calls for narrowing definitions, judicial oversight, due process safeguards, and genuine dialogue with civil society.

Practice Question: “Discuss the constitutional and ethical challenges raised by the Maharashtra Special Public Security Bill, 2025. How can legislation maintain internal security without undermining democratic freedoms?”

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