1. India and France finalise agreement for 26 Rafale-Ms (Source – Page 1, The Hindu International Edition (April 29, 2025) Topic: GS 2– International Relations, GS-3:- Defence and Security Context India and France have signed a significant Inter-Governmental Agreement (IGA) worth around ₹64,000 crore to procure 26 Rafale-M fighter jets for the Indian Navy. This…
1. Pakistan initiates unprovoked firing after Pahalgam attack. (Source – Page 5, The Hindu International Edition) Topic: GS Paper 3 – Internal Security, Border Management, Terrorism Context After the terrorist attack in Pahalgam (Jammu and Kashmir), resulting in civilian casualties, Pakistan initiated unprovoked ceasefire violations along the Line of Control(LoC). Tensions between India and Pakistan…
1. India, France to finalise ₹63,000-cr. deal for 26 Rafale-M jets on April 28 (Source – The Hindu, International Edition, Page 3) Topic: GS Paper 2 – International Relations, GS Paper 3- Defence Technology Context India and France are set to formally conclude a ₹63,000 crore government-to-government (G-to-G) deal for 26 Rafale-M (Marine version) fighter…
1. Pak. shuts airspace, snaps trade relations with India (Source – Front Page, The Hindu, 25 April 2025) Topic: GS2 – International Relations, India-Pakistan Relations Context In retaliation to India’s decisions post the Pahalgam terror attack, Pakistan has escalated its response by shutting its airspace to Indian airliners, halting all trade, and initiating several diplomatic…
1. India Suspends Indus Waters Treaty with Pakistan (Source – Front Page + Pages 4, 12, 13 & 16; Editorial on Page 8) Topic: GS2 – International Relations, India-Pakistan relations Context In response to the terror attack in Pahalgam that killed 26 civilians, India has suspended the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) of 1960. The CCS,…
1. Saudi Defence Minister’s Landmark Visit to Tehran Signals Thaw in Ties Amid Nuclear Diplomacy (Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained, Page – 19) Topic: GS2 – International Relations Context Saudi Arabia’s Defence Minister visited Tehran for the first time in 26 years, signaling a diplomatic thaw amid ongoing US-Iran nuclear talks and shifting…
1. Modi, Vance See Progress in Bilateral Trade Talks (Source: The Hindu – 22nd April 2025, Page 1 & 10) Topic: GS II – International Relations Context During the visit of U.S. Vice-President J.D. Vance to India, Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Mr. Vance finalized the Terms of Reference for a Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA)….
1. How China is fighting U.S. tariffs (Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 10) Topic: GS2 – International Relations Context The aggressive “America First” trade policy has triggered a global trade war, especially with a major Asian economy retaliating through tariffs and strategic economic shifts. America’s New Trade Policy and Its…
1. The approach to regulating AI in India (Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 9) Topic: GS2 – Governance, GS3 – Science and Technology Context India is rapidly adopting AI but lacks a formal national strategy or regulatory framework. This raises concerns about ethical use, accountability, and inclusive growth. Global AI…
1. ‘Land-holding farmers doing non-farming activities helps efficiency’ (Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 7) Topic: GS3 – Agriculture Context A study examined how land-holding farmers engaging in non-farming activities can improve labour use efficiency on their farms. Study Focus Method of Analysis Key Findings Recommendations and Implications Practice Question: How…
