At the time of India’s independence in 1947, the newly formed nation inherited a fragmented administrative structure consisting of British provinces and princely states. These divisions were largely arbitrary and did not reflect the linguistic, cultural, or ethnic identities of the people. The demand for reorganising states was rooted in the aspiration to create administrative…
India’s transition to democracy post-independence marked a significant political experiment in the world’s history. After gaining independence from British rule on August 15, 1947, India faced the daunting task of establishing a stable political system in a socially and culturally diverse country. The process of nation-building was deeply linked with the adoption of a democratic…
Indian unification in the post-independence context refers to the complex process of politically, territorially, and socially integrating the newly independent and diverse Indian state. When India gained independence on August 15, 1947, it faced immense challenges in consolidating a nation marked by deep linguistic, religious, and regional diversity. The unification process involved merging over 560…
India’s struggle for independence was marked by decades of resistance against British colonial rule. The Revolt of 1857 is considered the first significant uprising against British rule, followed by a series of movements led by the Indian National Congress (INC), including the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22), Civil Disobedience Movement (1930–34), and Quit India Movement (1942). Leaders…
Communication in geography refers to the process by which people, groups, or regions exchange information, ideas, or messages across different spatial areas. This can involve face-to-face interaction, written messages, or the use of technology such as telephones, radio, and the Internet to bridge distances. The telegraph was instrumental in the colonisation of the American West….
Transport is a service or facility for the carriage of persons and goods from one place to the other. Modes of Transport In this chapter, we shall study the transports classified into land-based, sea-based and air-based systems. Land Transport: History: Initially humans carried, then animals were used as a beasts of burden, and then the…
TYPES OF TERTIARY ACTIVITIES Trade and Commerce: Buying and selling of items. Takes place at trading centres. Divided into two types: 1.Rural marketing centres: These are quasi-urban centres that serve as trading centres of the most rudimentary type. [Here one must recall that urban] Personal and professional services are not well-developed. These form local collecting…
In India, the share of manufacturing in the country’s GDP is not Uttar Pradesh to the global mark. The share of manufacturing-sector in GDP is stagnated at 17% (out of 27% of industry including 10% of mining, quarrying, electricity and gas – primary activity) Classification of Industries: Based on raw material: According to their main…
In geography, a resource is any material that humans value and need, and that can be used to satisfy our needs. Classification of Resources Resources Depending based on the state of development, can be classified as: Stock and Reserves: Major Minerals in India Ferrous Non-Ferrous Fuel Precious Others Iron ore Chromite Manganese (7th largest reserve in the…
Human activities which generate income are known as economic activities. Grouped into primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary groups; Primary activities refer to utilisation of earth’s resources such as land, water, vegetation, building materials and minerals. It, thus includes: Hunting and gathering: The earliest human beings depended on their immediate environment for their sustenance. They subsisted…
