Chola Dynasty The Chola Dynasty is one of the longest-ruling families in the history of the world. It rose in the Sangam Age as one of the three kingdoms alongside Cheras and Pandyas. However, very little is known about the Cholas after the end of the Sangam age till the mid-9th century. The Origin of…
The Deccan states of Ancient India (300-750 AD) After the fall of Kushanas in the North and Satvahana in the south, several minor powers emerged, as shown in the following map: Features of this age: Local powers in the 3rd Century Deccan India 1. The Kalabhra Reign 2. The Ikshavakus The Rise of Vakatakas (4th…
Post Gupta Period The Post Gupta period marks a transformative era in Indian history, characterized by political fragmentation and the rise of regional powers. This era witnessed significant cultural and economic developments, shaping the Indian subcontinent’s diverse heritage. Understanding this period is crucial for grasping the complexities of India’s medieval history. In 528CE, a consortium…
The Gupta Age was a Golden age of Economy, Literature, Science, Mathematics, Astronomy and Art, even though it was in no sense a Golden age for the untouchables, slaves and women. We have already discussed the Gupta Economy in the [Previous Page], and now we shall discuss the other aspects of the Gupta society. Art…
The Kushanas and the Satvahanas became weaker in the middle of the 3rd century after providing 200-year-long political and economic stability. Then, after a brief period of confusion, Guptas emerged on the scene in North India and Vakatakas in South India. The Guptas were initially subordinates of a later Kushanas branch ruling in northwest India….
Age of Satvahanas Political History of Satvahanas Satvahana Kings The gist of their deeds Sri Satkarni I (27 BCE- 17 BCE) Nanaghat inscription describes him as Dakshinpathpati (The Lord of “Southern Road”). He defended his land against King Kharvela of Kalinga Satkarni II BCE-20CE) Captured Malwa from Shunga. He constructed Torana gateways at Sanchi,…
![Sangam Age: Literature, Map, &Amp; Dynasties [Upsc Exam Notes]](https://www.99notes.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/megalith-sangam-age-99notes-upsc-768x495.webp "Sangam Age: Literature, Map, &Amp; Dynasties [Upsc Exam Notes] | Updated June 11, 2025")
Sangam Age The Sangam Age, a significant era in ancient Tamil history, is renowned for its rich cultural and literary achievements. The period approximately between the 3rd century B.C. and 3rd century A.D. in South India (the region lying south of river Krishna and Tungabhadra) is known as Sangam Age/Period. This period, marked by the gathering of poets and scholars…
![Post Mauryan Period: Shunga, Kanva Dynasties & More [Upsc Notes]](https://www.99notes.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/post-mauryan-age-99notes-upsc-1-768x495.webp "Post Mauryan Period: Shunga, Kanva Dynasties &Amp; More [Upsc Notes] | Updated June 11, 2025")
The period from 200 BCE onwards is known as Post-Mauryan Age. It did not witness a large empire like the Mauryas but is known for its intimate contact between Central Asia and India. Soon after Ashoka’s death, several small kingdoms declared independence. Then, the empire finally ended with the assassination of the last Mauryan King,…
Understanding Mauryan society Mauryan Economy Direction Trade routes South-West route Sravasti to Pratishthana South-East route Sravasti to Rajgriha East-West route Taxila to Patliputra following river course of Ganga and Yamuna, known as Uttarpatha (modern-day Grand Trunk road) Society during the Mauryan empire Indica wrongly identifies that society was divided into seven distinct groups (genos) –…
![Mauryan Empire (321-185 Bce): Rulers, Map, &Amp; Administration [Complete Notes For Upsc Exams]](https://www.99notes.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/mauryan-empire-99notes-upsc-1-768x495.webp "Mauryan Empire (321-185 Bce): Rulers, Map, &Amp; Administration [Complete Notes For Upsc Exams] | Updated June 11, 2025")
Under the Nanda dynasty rule (343BC to 321BC), Magadha was a formidable power during Alexander’s invasion (326BC). But the Magadh reached its peak during the Mauryan empire. First time in the history of India, a large part of the Indian subcontinent, extending up to the far northwest, was under a single paramount power, the Mauryan…
