12-July-2025 Daily Answer Writing
Q1) How should India adapt its defence strategy in the age of unmanned warfare and emerging technologies?
(GS Paper 3, 15 Marks, 250 Words)
Answer:
Introduction:
- The nature of warfare is rapidly evolving, shifting away from traditional fighter jets and tanks towards unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), cyber warfare, and precision-guided systems.
- As seen in recent conflicts like the Russia-Ukraine war, drones have redefined cost-effective and strategic military engagement.
Changing Nature of Warfare
- Rise of UAVs: Drones have proven their utility in surveillance, targeted strikes, and reconnaissance, with low cost and minimal risk to human life.
- Decline of Traditional Assets: Expensive assets like fighter jets and aircraft carriers are increasingly vulnerable to cheaper and smarter technologies like drones and hypersonic missiles.
India’s Defence Preparedness
- Private Sector Involvement: India must leverage its private sector to develop world-class defence technology, especially in drone manufacturing and AI-based combat systems.
- DRDO Focus: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) should narrow its focus to core areas like missile technology and allow the private sector to innovate in others.
- Indigenous Production: Aatmanirbhar Bharat in defence must prioritize indigenous, cost-effective, and smart weapon systems such as UAVs and missile shields.
Future Strategy and Implications
- Integrated Defence Vision: India’s defence strategy should integrate UAVs, satellite-based warfare, cyber capabilities, and space defence for a holistic future-ready approach.
- Reducing Dependence on Costly Imports: Domestic production will reduce long-term costs and increase strategic autonomy.
Conclusion:
- India’s future wars will not be fought with tanks and fighters but with drones, data, and precision.
- A tech-driven, cost-effective, and decentralized defence strategy is the key to ensuring national security in the 21st century.
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