Introduction: Indian judiciary is an integrated judiciary consisting of the Supreme Court of India at the apex of the entire judicial system below which there are the High Courts in each State or group of States. Below the High Courts lies a hierarchy of Subordinate Courts. Panchayat Courts also function in some States under various…
In the integrated judiciary, the High Court operates below the Supreme Court and above the subordinate Court. High Courts are the highest judicial body at the State level. As per Article 214, there shall be High Courts for every State. There are 25 High Courts in India. Among the Union Territories Delhi, – and Union…
It is the ultimate power of the Judiciary to determine the validity of a law or an order, which may be described as the powers of “judicial review”. It tests the constitutionality of the legislative acts and executive orders. Genesis of the Concept of Judicial Review It was first introduced in the US Supreme Court…
Subordinate Courts consist of district courts and other lower courts. They are called subordinate courts as they are subordinate to the High Courts. Subordinate Judiciary is the backbone of the Judiciary. It is the first judicial institution with which a majority of the citizens interact. It is covered under Part IV of the Indian constitution…
Challenges with the Indian Judiciary: Judiciary is one of the three organs of the government. Indian judiciary is integrated and independent judiciary. Despite the most important part of the Indian polity, it faces some issues as following: Issue in Appointment: Shortage of judges: India has a low judge-to-population ratio. India requires 50 judges per million…
Public interest litigation(PIL) is a case or petition filed before a court to protect, safeguard or enforce public interest. PIL is a judicial innovation for the protection of the disadvantaged section, like the poor, minorities, etc., and their interests. PIL is also known as Social Action litigation, Social action litigation, etc Genesis of the PIL…
India shares a border of 3488 km with China, which runs along the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir and the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh. Separated by the Great Himalayan range, our border is characterized by difficult terrain and sparse habitation, which have resulted in inadequate development of infrastructure in…
(Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained- Page No. – 12) Topic: GS3 – Environment – Conservation Context ● 300-350 dead olive ridley turtles have washed ashore along Tamil Nadu’s coast, particularly in Chennai and Kancheepuram districts. Analysis of the news: What are Olive Ridley Turtles? These turtles are carnivores and get their name from…
Q1) “We cannot effectively address problems as they are if institutions do not reflect the world as it is.” Analyse this statement with reference to the need for reforms in the UNSC. Also, discuss the ‘G4 model’ for pushing reforms in the Security Council. (150 Words/10 Marks) Answer: The United Nations Security Council…
