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‘Russia, Ukraine have agreed to end military action in Black Sea’

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 14) Topic: GS2 – International Relations Context Russia and Ukraine have agreed to halt military strikes in the Black Sea and on energy sites during talks brokered by the United States. Analysis of the news: The negotiations took place in Riyadh, where U.S. officials met…

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As ice frozen for millennia thaws, Kashmir wakes up to new risks

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 7) Topic: GS3 – Environment – Environmental pollution and degradation Context A new study has found that thawing permafrost in the Kashmir Himalayas could affect 193 km of roads, 2,415 households, 903 alpine lakes, and eight hydropower projects. What is Permafrost? Permafrost refers to ground…

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What are DNA polymorphisms and how do they differentiate between people?

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 11) Topic: GS3 – Science and Technology Context DNA fingerprinting is widely used for forensic investigations, paternity tests, ancestry tracing, disaster victim identification and crime scene analysis. This article details DNA fingerprinting using STRs, PCR, electrophoresis, and polymorphisms. What is DNA? DNA is present in…

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Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2024

(Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained, Page – 16) Topic: GS2 – Polity Context The Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2024 has sparked nationwide protests and criticism over its provisions altering waqf property regulations and governance. Analysis of the news: What is a Waqf Property? Representation on Waqf Boards Government Control Over Waqf Property Abolition of…

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Judicial Accountability in Focus: CJI Initiates Probe Against Delhi HC Judge

(Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained, Page – 16) Topic: GS2 – Polity Context Chief Justice of India (CJI) Sanjiv Khanna has initiated a three-member in-house inquiry into allegations against Delhi High Court judge Justice Yashwant Varma, following the discovery of currency notes at his residence after a fire incident. This internal judicial probe,…

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US Seeks Greater Market Access in India for Soyabean, Corn, and Cotton Amid Trade Barriers

(Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained, Page – 12) Topic: GS3 – Indian Economy Context The US is seeking greater market access for its soyabean, corn, and cotton in India, pushing for tariff reductions and relaxation of import restrictions. Analysis of the news: US Agricultural Exports and Market Focus The US is a major…

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Railway Connectivity in Meghalaya: Development Stalled Amid Local Opposition

(Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained, Page – 12) Topic: GS2 – Governance GS3 – Internal Security Context Indian Railways is set to shelve key railway projects in Meghalaya due to strong local opposition over concerns of migration and demographic changes. Analysis of the news: Status of Rail Connectivity in Meghalaya Meghalaya currently has…

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Time to float more Indian ships

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 13) Topic: GS3 – Indian Economy Context India’s heavy reliance on foreign shipping increases trade costs and supply chain risks. Strengthening the domestic fleet through Bharat Container Line (BCL) aims to enhance India’s maritime security and economic resilience. Urgency for India to Strengthen Its Shipping…

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Do not publish NIRF ranking for 2025: HC to Education Ministry

(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page No. – 5) Topic: GS2 – Social Justice – Education Context The Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court restrained the Education Ministry and the National Board of Accreditation (NBA) from publishing the NIRF ranking for 2025. The order was issued while hearing a public interest litigation…