11-June-2025 Daily Answer Writing
Q1) Critically examine the implications of India’s declining fertility rate on demographic dividend and future economic growth.
(GS1 – Society – 10 Marks – 150 Words)
Answer:
Introduction
India’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has declined to 2.0, which is below the replacement level of 2.1. While this reflects advancements in health, education, and women’s empowerment, it also raises concerns regarding the long-term sustainability of India’s demographic dividend.
Implications on Demographic Dividend
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Shrinking Workforce: Fewer youth entering the labor market could shorten the window of demographic advantage.
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Ageing Population: A declining birth rate coupled with higher life expectancy may increase the old-age dependency ratio.
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Social Welfare Burden: Higher spending on healthcare, pensions, and elderly care is likely.
Impact on Economic Growth
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Reduced Labor Supply: Slower population growth could lead to lower productivity and economic output.
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Decreased Consumption: Fewer young people may dampen demand for goods and services.
Conclusion
To mitigate these challenges, India must focus on improving productivity, skilling, and boosting female labor participation to sustain long-term growth.
Read More – 10 June 2025 : Daily Answer Writing
