08 May 2025 : Indian Express Editorial Analysis

1. A Measured Response

(Source: Page 10, The Indian Express)

Topic: GS2: International Relations, GS3: Internal Security

Context

This article by Admiral Arun Prakash offers a strategic defense perspective on India’s response to the Pahalgam terror attack, emphasizing the need for non-escalatory yet impactful military doctrine.

Background

• On April 22, 2025, a terror attack in Pahalgam killed 26 civilians, leading to public outrage and heightened security concerns.

• India responded with “Operation Sindoor,” conducting targeted strikes in Pakistan-administered areas, reflecting a calibrated approach similar to past responses like Uri and Balakot but with clearer non-escalatory intent.

Defense Strategy and Restraint

• India’s military operations reflect a balance between punishing perpetrators and avoiding a full-scale war.

• The doctrine of “measured retaliation” is reinforced, showing capability without provoking escalation.

Need for National Security Clarity

• Emphasizes the need for a well-defined national security doctrine.

• Acknowledges gaps in India’s preparedness in domains like cyber warfare and asymmetric threats.

Global Signaling

• The strikes send a clear signal to both Pakistan and the international community.

• Reinforces India’s position that it will respond decisively to terrorism, even while respecting global norms.

Way Forward

• Institutionalize a national security doctrine.

• Modernize armed forces with investment in precision, surveillance, and deterrent capabilities.

• Continue diplomatic efforts in global anti-terrorism forums.

Practice Question: In the context of India’s recent military response to terrorism, discuss the role of “measured retaliation” as a strategic doctrine. How can India balance deterrence with global responsibility? (GS2/GS3 – 15 Marks – 250 Words)

Read more – 7 May 2025 : Indian Express Editorial Analysis