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30 June 2025: Indian Express Editorial Analysis

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1. Indian Economy Needs Labour Reform 2.0
(Source: Editorial Page, The Indian Express)

Topic: GS Paper 3: Economy (Labour Reforms, Economic Development)
Context
  • Despite the implementation of new labour codes in 2020, India’s labour market continues to face informality, lack of social security, and fragmented implementation across states.

Background:

  • In 2020, India consolidated 29 labour laws into four codes: Wages, Industrial Relations, Social Security, and Occupational Safety.

  • However, implementation has been inconsistent, with some states lagging in rule framing.

Key Concerns:

  • Over 90% of India’s workforce remains informal, especially in sectors like construction and retail.

  • Gig and platform workers remain outside social protection nets despite their growing economic contribution.

  • Labour codes still lack enforcement clarity and worker data integration across states.

Critical Analysis:

  • Reform 1.0 (2020 codes) focused on rationalizing and simplifying laws.

  • Reform 2.0 must focus on:

    • Strengthening implementation and inspection mechanisms,

    • Portability of benefits for migrant workers,

    • Creation of a National Labour Database,

    • Inclusion of platform workers under social security schemes.

Way Forward:

  • Need a federal consensus to avoid fragmented labour regimes.

  • Use of technology and Aadhaar-linked systems to deliver entitlements effectively.

Practice Question: (GS-3 | 15 Marks | 250 Words)

Despite rationalization through the Labour Codes, India’s labour market remains informal and unprotected. Critically analyze the gaps and propose a framework for Labour Reform 2.0.

Also ReadThe Hindu Editorial Analysis- 30 June 2025

2. A Health Warning on Heat

(Source: Editorial Page, The Indian Express)

Topic: GS Paper 3: Environment, Disaster Management
Context
  • With India facing record-breaking heatwaves in 2025, the editorial emphasizes the urgency of treating heat as a public health crisis, not just a weather event.

Current Crisis:

  • India recorded temperatures above 45°C in multiple states, including Delhi, Rajasthan, and parts of Bihar.

  • Deaths due to heatstroke and dehydration increased, overwhelming public health systems.

Systemic Shortfalls:

  • Most states do not have Heat Action Plans (HAPs) or do not implement them effectively.

  • Healthcare staff are not trained to deal with heat-related illnesses.

  • Public spaces lack cooling shelters, water ATMs, and first-aid for heat emergencies.

Recommendations:

  • Recognize heatwaves as disasters under the Disaster Management Act.

  • Prepare city-specific Heat Action Plans, especially for vulnerable populations (elderly, construction workers, street vendors).

  • Invest in green infrastructure—parks, tree canopies, and reflective rooftops.

Way Forward:

  • Integrate climate resilience into urban planning.

  • Promote community awareness on hydration, work timing, and symptoms of heat illness.

Practice Question: (GS-3 | 10 Marks | 150 Words)
Heatwaves are increasingly becoming lethal due to climate change. How should India reform its disaster preparedness and public health systems to address this growing threat?

Read more28 June 2025 : Indian Express Editorial Analysis

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