Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) act as vital intermediaries between the state and citizens in modern democracies. As non-profit, voluntary, and autonomous entities, they supplement state efforts in service delivery, welfare schemes, and policy advocacy. Their presence becomes particularly significant in areas where state machinery is weak, inaccessible, or under-resourced. NGOs and…
India’s path to inclusive and sustainable development is deeply intertwined with industrial growth and effective governance. While development ensures improvement in the quality of life, industry acts as the backbone of economic progress by generating employment, enhancing productivity, and fostering innovation. From traditional manufacturing to cutting-edge services, the industrial sector plays a pivotal role in…
1. Prime Minister’s Visit to Bihar on National Panchayati Raj Day (Source – PIB 24th April 2025 ) Topic: GS Paper 2 – Polity & Governance Context Prime Minister Narendra Modi is scheduled to visit Madhubani, Bihar, to commemorate National Panchayati Raj Day. The visit includes the inauguration and foundation laying of multiple development projects…
Q1) What are the primary drivers of freshwater scarcity in megacities like Bangalore and Hyderabad? Suggest comprehensive solutions that address both supply and demand aspects of urban water management. (15 marks, 250 words) ANSWER India, home to 18% of the global population but with only 4% of its freshwater resources, faces a looming water crisis,…
1. The road from Pahalgam (Source – Indian Express, Section – The Ideas Page – Page No. – 13) Topic: GS3 – Internal Security Context A terrorist attack at Baisaran meadow near Pahalgam killed at least 26 people, breaking a long-standing norm against targeting tourists in Jammu & Kashmir. A Departure from an Unspoken Pact…
1. Is India Witnessing Judicial Despotism? (Source – The Hindu, Text & Context Page 10, Faizan Mustafa) Topic: GS Paper 2 – Polity & Governance Context Post-retirement political roles, selective silence, and executive proximity raise concerns over judicial impartiality and weakened checks and balances. Upholding Montesquieu’s principle, India must enhance judicial accountability and transparency to…
(Source – Indian Express, Section – Explained, Page – 19) Topic: GS2 – International Relations Context In the aftermath of the Pahalgam terror attack that claimed 26 lives, India has announced the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) of 1960. The decision was taken by the Cabinet Committee on Security, led by Prime Minister…
(Source – The Hindu, International Edition – Page 1 & 12) Context SC criticized Tamil Nadu minister Senthilbalaji for remaining in office while out on bail in a money laundering case. The court remarked that bail was granted on liberty grounds and not case merits, and his post could influence trial integrity. Separation of Powers…
(Source – Front Page + Pages 4, 12, 13 & 16; Editorial on Page 8) Topic: GS2 – International Relations, India-Pakistan relations Context In response to the terror attack in Pahalgam that killed 26 civilians, India has suspended the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) of 1960. The CCS, chaired by PM Modi, announced five key measures…
